Arc-light electrode.



- of Lakewood, in the county. of. Cuyaho'ga j rrun smarts E ER WI LIAM,ROYI' M0115, of-Laxnwoon omqfassle von '10 NATIONAL CARBQN .C MPANY, 0Fo L vELAND-, OHIO, efool'tPonA'rloiv 01? NEW JERSEY.-.

" erwmGpgr-smqmobh- 1,147,422. No Drawing.

To all evlz ohi-t ma-g concern:

Be it known that I I", rimmer ROY QMQTT, a citizen of the United States,anda resident and State of Ohio,'

useful Improvements in trodes, of which the exact-description.

have invented new. and

This invention relates-to arc lamp elec-"- trodes of the inc losedertical-feed) type and has for one of its objects the'absorp'tion of Iharmful .vapors that .attack the globe and other lamp parts} Another obect ness and increase "the amount ofv light emitted.

. Another object is to decrease the slag-ging tendencyy. a

v Anotherobject-"is to use material in the electrodesthat will producea'whi'te depositon the economizer and other lamp parts so that a good,reflecting surface will be had.

Other objects Willappear in the appended description.

Certain. compounds such-as calcium -fiuori'd, strontium fiuoridand the.rare earth often cause etching of theglobe and otherhydro harmful vaporssuch as hydrochloric acid is' also formed msome instances.

l'hiorids greatly increase" the-light, but they lamp parts due to-asmall quantityof fluorrc acid and other fluorin vapors formed during theburning in the lamp. Other The etching of the globe decreases theefficiency of the light and this together wvith'thecorrodiirg of thelamp parts by such vapors'greatly' in? creases themost-ol: repairs oti-nclose'd, are

lamps. "T he salts referred-t0 also'ha'ye'slagf ging tendenc es thatare-yery objectionable,

Slag is liable to congal on the electrodeen ds and prevent the are fromre-starting since it is practically non-conducting when cold. I

Many flaming mater als deposit out on the economizer and other lampparts as adark deposit which absorbs light and decreases the efficiency.Such deposits are oftenin making it inconvenient to clean the parts. Theaddition. offlaming liltltQlilfllS to the electrodes also tendstocause.- repcated flickering ofthe are making it un forms ofillumination. 'An'y -one of these 'difiiculties may .be o'v er come bythe addition of- Certain materials,

the form of slag suitable for some but such addition greatly aggravatesthe rema i-ning difficulties. After long researchflj' Specification'of,LettersiPetelit.

Arc-Light Elec-v "followi'nglis a clear and v harmful vapors willinteract'fwi'th the zinc in. the arc andfl preyent the etching of the vis to improve 'thei'steadi- 5:

ex stence of zinc vapor inthe are, the eli mi- Ililtl0ll'. '0f the"harmful fluorid 'andether' fva'pors is assured. I

T-p roiortions 'givenn typicalexample; The itIIlOlfnt havediscoveredthatall theseobj ections can ormosa *PatentedJuly20,1915; Application filedNoiremberZIQ WIiZ. s iammaazat be refmediedjby -co Inleining,-.Withincertain...

limits,- a number of materials,.jand inaddiaitlonsuch combination(Ia-uses tn-increase 1n jcancllepower. lhaye found thatif the elec,trode contams'fro'm 2 to 8% of zinc material;

preferably the oxid the fiuorid-"an'df other globe or other fcorro'dingof the lamp parts.

The zinc from the oxid exists as 'zi-nc vapor in regions ofthe arc' andthe combining;

tendency betweenjzinc and fluoritlvapor's is I very great.By-making-"provision;for the portion of the, are.v The reactionbetween;

in the are? are beneficial, as an increase-in temperature of the areincreases-thelight and other lamp parts' in a' powdery-"form which canbe readily 're1jn0\"ed The'xdef posit, beingsnow' white, acts as agood-re;

teriallyreduees the slag formation-on the electrode-tips which' initself is av -y 1e sir-able feature. jzAnotheradvantage 'ofnin'c';

oxi'd is'tha-t it is non-hydroscopic'antlfwillj not absorb oi ture,[some materials that] have adyantages-inlamp electrodes as; flami'ngmaterials such as ,calc'ium-oxid; cannot be u'sedon account-of be ngh'ydroscopicl' The Water absorbed causes.'thed-isintegration 'pf; thecarbons- As example otap'referable mixture for electrodes the followingis giyf'en: calcium, 5'

fluoridL2G-%,"rare earth onids' 5% zinc oxid 5%; potassium 'chlorrdbeli'i only a p of zinc oxid. depends.principally upon the 0 and carbon;(30%.:-

amount of fi'liori'd forming and. slagforming.

compounds inthe electrode- I find-that 5. /0: of the oxid 1s asatisfactoryamou11t for com-T positions approx mately as :"gIYQIl' Ibthe zincand the fiuorid yaporsy'also results 30 ,inj liberating heat;Such chemical reactions though the content may vary between 2 alul 11.

lnste'ail'ol calcium lluorid, the rare earth lluoriils' or strontiumfluorid may be used. Other alkali salts may he used in place ofpotassium ehlorid and I sometimes add sull'ates to the amount ofone-fourth of the. \\'(l 'llt of the calcium or other llll()l'l l.

llaving described my invention what I claim is:

1. In an arc lamp. the eoi'nhination with a compound containing fluorin,of a zinc material. to prevent the formation of glassetching vapors inthe arc.

An arc lamp electrode containing a fluorid and zinc material to combinethere- \\1th in the are vapors to prevent the formation of glass-etchingvapors.

3. An arc lamp electrode containing a fluorid and zinc oxid.

4-. An arc lamp electrode containing carbon, a flnorid and zinc oxid.

5. An arc lamp electrode containing a tluorid, zine oxid and are earthoxide;

(3. An arc lamp electrode containing a fluorid. zinc oxid, rare earthoxids and potassium ehlorid.

7. An arc lamp electrode containing car bon, fluorin compounds and ZincoXid.

In testimony whereof 1 have hereunto signed my name.

WILLIAM RQY MOTT Witnesses:

llmvam) L. BARKDULL, Emma!) M. SPELMAN.

